1. The human brain produces its own natural opiates that elevate mood and case pain.
2. The endocrine system produces hormones that are chemically identical to neurotransmitters.
3. The neural systems of animals vary greatly from those in humans.
4. The neuron is an all-or-none response.
5. Nerve cells communicate via electrical rather chemical messengers.
6. All drugs affect neurotransmitters in the exact same way.
7. Lowly animals like sea snails behave by instinct and are incapable of learning.
8. Humans are the only animals that can learn behaviors merely by observing others perform them.
9. The study of inner thought feeling and motives has always occupied a central place in psychology.
10. A person can be more readily conditioned to fear snakes and spiders than to fear flowers.
11. With training pigeons can be taught to discriminate a Bach composition from a Stravinsky composition.
12. Negative reinforcement is another term for punishment.
13. Psychologists agree that a punishment regardless of its form has little effect on behavior.
14. Animals learn only when rewards are given.
15. Animals can learn to make virtually any response if consistently rewarded for it.
16. Research indicates that television leads to aggressive behavior by children and teenagers who watch the programs.