The equation is already balanced
In terms of molecular format the equation is written as follows:
##CaCO_3## ##rarr## ##CaO## + ##CO_2##
On the left hand side of the equation there are:
1 Calcium
1 Carbon
3 Oxygen
On the right side of the equation there are:
1 Calcium
1 + 2 = 3 Oxygen
1 Carbon
Therefore the left side equals the right side and is thus balanced.
Generally these summarized rules can be followed to balance equations:
Write the correct chemical formulas for all of the reactants and
the products.
Write the formulae of the reactants on the LEFT of the reaction
arrow; write the formulas of the products on the RIGHT of the
reaction arrow.
Count the total number of atoms/ions of each element in the
reactants and the total number of atoms/ions of each element in
the products.
Balance the elements one at a time using coefficients.
A coefficient is a small whole number that is written in front
of a chemical formula in a chemical equation.
It is best to begin with elements other than hydrogen and
oxygen! These elements often occur more than twice in
equations.
Check each atom/ion or poly-atomic ion to be sure that the
equation is correctly balanced.
Finally make sure that all of the coefficients are in the lowest
possible whole number ratios.
*Un-summarized rules for balancing found at: https://www.greenwichschools.org/uploaded/faculty/arleene_ferko/Unit_8_Notes_7_RULES_FOR_BALANCING_CHEMICAL_EQUATIONS.doc
Hope I helped 🙂