ENGLISH 2 Paper 1 – Need it ASAP. Need awesome work Please follow each and every instruction

Major Paper #1Summary/Critical Response
Purpose:
Most of us use critical reading strategies everyday to effectively process all of the information we are consistently bombarded with. This assignment allows you continue to explore ideas of reading and writing rhetorically as you will use different strategies to write your summary and your strong response.
The Assignment:
This assignment will have two parts:
The Summary.
The Critical Response.
The Summary
Summarize in 150-200 words the article your instructor has chosen from the assignment. Please useWorking at McDonald’son pages 260-262 of your 10th edition textbook (or pages280-283 of your 9th edition book).In this summary you should relay the articles main points completely and accurately in your own words. If you find yourself in a situation in which the authors words needed to be quoted directly (perhaps for emphasis) you must make it clear that these words are the authors by using quotation marks appropriately. You will not want to quote anything over one sentence in length and you will want to limit yourself to no more than 2-3 direct quotes if you use any at all. Remember that the whole point of this portion of the assignment is for you to restate the authors points objectively in your own words.
In general I recommend you structure your first sentence something like this:
InWorking at McDonald’sAmitai Etzioni argues that…
This will function as the thesis statement of your summary so this first sentence will need to convey the main point(s) of the article to give your reader an overall view.
Critical Response
Write a 1 to 2 page response to the article your instructor has chosen from the assignment. Please use Working at McDonald’s on pages 260-262 of your 10th edition textbook (or pages280-283 of your 9th edition book). Before you even begin drafting you will want to decide on the terms of your response. Once you decide on the terms (or grounds) of your response youll want to figure out how you can support your pointsusing logic outside evidencewhatever is appropriate. Your response cannot be based on simply your opinion about the issue.
What is a summary?
A summary is simply a recounting of the main points of an article. But what should it really include? How is the summary formatted? The best way to learn how to write a summary is to read and examine someone elses summary.
Before you read the rest of this lecture please read the short essay entitled Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names from the bottom of page 255 through page 257 in your 10th edition textbook (pages 275-276 in your9th editiontextbook).**After youve read this essay then please continue with the lecture.
A Sample Summary
The following is an example of how one student summarized the article Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names. (Remember: Sticks and Stones isnotthe article that you will be reading and responding to. Howeverthis exampledoes provide a good example of how to craft summaries in general.) As you read this example ask yourself what you notice about the summaryin terms of purpose focus tone organization and formatting.
Summary of Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names
In Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names Richard Estrada argues that sports teams should not be allowed to continue using ethnic-based names and mascots. Estrada claims that teams such as the Braves Indians Seminoles and Redskinsno matter how established or popularshould change their team names and mascots which are degrading to Native Americans. He further suggests that the stereotypes accompanying these mascots such as tomahawk chops and war chants dehumanize and single out Native Americans setting them aside from the rest of society. Nobody likes to be trivialized or deprived of his or her dignity Estrada asserts and yet allowing ethnic-based mascots enablesand even promotessuch trivialization. What makes matters worse according to Estrada is that such mascots target one of our nations least politically powerful ethnic groups. He provides examples of other possible team names based on other ethnic minorities (such as the New York Jews) which would never be tolerated in our society. As a result Estrada concludes that Native Americans should be treated with simple human dignity just like everyone else.178 Words
So what did you notice? What does the summary include? How is it formatted?
Perhaps first you noticed that the student writers opinion of Sticks and Stones and Sport Team Names is not included. Rather the student is trying to simply convey the main points of Estradas original article.Remember: Whether you liked the article or didnt like it whether you agreed with the author or disagreed your opinion does not belong in the summary.
Second you may have realized that the first sentence is very important in the summary. The first sentence must to three things clearly and concisely:1.) Mention the name of the original article; 2.) Identify the author of the original article; 3.) give a sense of the overall claim or point the author was trying to make.
Maybe next you observed that the original author was referred to in some way in every sentences.Richard Estrada argues Estrada claims He further suggests Estrada asserts according to Estrada He provides examples Estrada concludesthese are all called attributive tags. Attributive tags are designed to remind the reader that these are Estradas ideas (not yours) and thus give proper credit where credit is due. Notice how the student writer in the example above has varied his attributive tags using different ways to refer to the author (Estrada and he) and using different verbs to explain what Estrada was communicating. The student writer also varied the placement of the attributive tag in several places. (Often the attributive tag comes at the beginning of the sentence but sometimes an attributive tag will fit into the middle or end of the sentence.You will also want to include an attributive tag in each sentence of your summary and you will want to vary these references.
You may have also noticed that the student writer who is summarizing Estrada’s work has used direct quotes very sparingly. Any time he did use even a phrase of Estrada’s word-for-word he put it in quotation marks to indicate this.**NOTE: While in most papers you would need to use intext parenthetical citations with the author’s last name and page number such as (Estrada 280) any time you summarized any ideas or material from your source these are not necessary in a contained summary such as this. They will be necessary in future assignments such as the research paper.
Next youmay have observed how the last sentence of the summary really seems to wrap things up and provide a sense of conclusion.You will want the last sentence of your summary to provide the reader with a sense of conclusion as well.
Finally you probably noticed the word count included at the end of the summary. Sticking within 150-200 words is important in the summary so I will want you toinclude your word count.
But how do I get from here to there?
I recommend you use the concepts discussed in your reading from Chapter 12 as a sort of step-by-step guide to get you organized to write your summary.
1.)Annotate. Read and re-read the essay Working at McDonald’s and take notes. Mark things in the text that you think are important especially noting what seem to be the main points of the article. Write questions you have in the margins and note places where you are convinced or skeptical. (This will also help you in the next unit when youre trying to get ideas for your strong response.)
2.)Take Inventory. Group your notes in a way that makes sense to you.
3.)Outline. This does not have to be a formal outline in any sense of the term. But it can be a good idea to try to list or map the main points of the article before you actually start drafting your summary.
4.)Write your summary restating the articles main points in your own words.
A Sample CriticalResponse
The following is an example of how one student responded to the article Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names. (Again remember: Sticks and Stones isnotthe article that you will be reading and responding to. Howeverthis exampledoes provide a good example of how to craftthecritical responsein general.)
As you read this example ask yourself what you notice about thecritical responsein terms of purpose focus tone organization and formatting.
Sticks and Stones and Contradictions
I found Richard Estradas article Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names unconvincing and also a bit confusing. Estradas language seems inflated exaggerated and even contradictory. His evidence is entirely anecdotal and as a result we receive very few concrete facts to support his claims. In addition Estradas credibility is unclear throughout the article.
To begin with Estrada uses many exaggerated and contradictory phrases. For instance Estrada claims that using ethic sports teams names and mascots is dehumanizing to Native Americans (280). To dehumanize is to deprive someone of human qualities yet Estrada never proves that this is actually what ethic sports names actually do. In fact he completely contradicts this notion of dehumanization in the previous sentence by discussing why these mascots were chosen in the first place. The noble symbols of the Redskins or college footballs Florida Seminoles or the Illinois Illini are meant to be strong and proud (Estrada 280). Noble. Strong. Proud. These are all human qualities; indeed they are qualities many people aspire to attain. So how can such symbols be dehumanizing?
In addition the title Sticks and Stones and Sports Team Names itself seems to contradict Estradas claims. By invoking the childrens rhyme Sticks and stones may break my bones but words will never hurt me Estrada seems to imply that mascots and team names dont matter at all. I had to read the article several times before I finally grasped his intentions. Estrada is trying to be ironic. Although his title alludes to the childrens rhyme Sticks and stones may break my bones but words will never hurt me Estrada is actually trying to prove the opposite: Words can hurt us and deeply. While most people are probably familiar with the original childrens rhyme I dont believe that most readers will know that they should be reading Estradas title ironically. This is particularly true when we consider Estradas intended audience. This column was written for theDallas Morning News not for the classroom setting. How many people really critically read their morning newspapers? How many people study such articles carefully rather than skimming and read them several times?
Next Estradas lack of concrete evidence is problematic. Other than references to particular teams his evidence is entirely anecdotal and often hearsay. For example overhearing a fathers complaint on the radio about a largely unrelated incidenta school dress-up daydoes little to prove the real harms of ethnic sports names and mascots. This story only shows that one person was offended by an irresponsible decision made by a few insensitive teachers. What Estrada needs to prove is real harm done: Perhaps interviewing or surveying a group of Native Americans to hear their thoughts on this subject. Perhaps citing a psychological or sociological study that proves the lasting impacts of mascots in social development. How does seeing these mascots affect the way people of other races view Native Americans? How does seeing these mascots affect the way Native Americans view themselves? Do most Native Americans feel offended by mascots such as the Braves and the Redskins? These are all questions Estrada needs to answer with more concrete evidence.
Finally Estradas credibility and investment in this issue are unclear throughout his article. Is Estrada Native American? He certainly doesnt have to be to care about this issue but either way he should make it clearerwhyhe cares. If Estrada is Native American does he presume to speak on behalf of all Native Americans? If Estrada is not Native American how does he know any Native Americans are actually offended? (Other than the father who called the radio station of course.) What Estrada thinks about this issue is clear. But what does he reallyknowabout it?
Before I read this article I already believed that ethnic-based mascotscouldbe degrading. But Estrada does nothing to actually prove this degradation. His article includes exaggerated and contradictory language but no concrete facts and no clear evidence of the authors credibility. In the end sticks and stones may break my bones but Estradas words cannot convince me.
Again what did you notice? What does the strong response include? How is it formatted?
The first paragraph of this section defines the terms of the response and the students claims. In the example above for instance the student is focusing on exaggerated language lack of evidence and the authors lack of credibility.You will want the terms of your response to be clear in the first paragraph as well so that your reader will know where youre going.
The last paragraph of this section provides a sense of conclusion and restates the students claims/terms of response.You will also want your closing paragraph to wrap things up and reemphasize your points.
Between the first paragraph and the last paragraph however whats happening? The student is devoting at least one paragraph to each of his claims. For instance paragraphs 2 and 3 offer examples and explanation to support the students claim that Estrada uses exaggerated contradictory language. Paragraph 4 offers examples and explanation to support the students claim that the article lacks evidence. Paragraph 5 offers examples and explanation to support the students claim that Estradas lack credibility.I recommend you use this 1-2 paragraphs per claim structure which should help keep you organized and the reader on track.
Finally perhaps you also noticed the funny little (280) things dispersed throughout the response. Those are known asparenthetical citations. They tell us the page of the article from which the student is paraphrasing ideas that are not his own (and/or places in which he is directly quoting the author though the direct quotes also need to be in quotation marks).
But how do I get from here to there?
As with the summary I recommend you consider the materials in your chapter as a guide in crafting yourcritical response. In particular the last five reading strategies in Chapter 12 offer a helpful guide to determining the grounds of your response.
However unlike the strong response in Comp I in which you were allowed to reflect on your own views of the issue at hand you may not do much of that in the paper. You want to talk about the successfulness of the writing not your opinions or believes.
While you may not just focus on your personal beliefs you do havethe following optionsin terms ofthe grounds of your response:
*EVALUATING THE LOGIC OF THE ARGUMENT
– This includesquestions ofappropriateness believability and consistency/completeness as discussed on pages 594-596.
*RECOGNIZING EMOTIONAL MANIPULATION
– This includes questions relating to emotionally manipulative techniques such as overly emotional or tear-jerking language exaggerated statisticsscary stories doomsday-type imaginative scenarios and other over-the-top emotionally-laden moves that the writer may be using to manipulative the reader. (See pages 596-597.)
*JUDGING THE WRITER’S CREDIBILITY
– This includes questions related to the writer’s knowledge fairness and use of common ground as discussed on pages 597-598.
To determine your grounds you may want to ask yourself the following questions:
1.) Do you want your response to focus on evaluating the logic of the argument? In other words do you want to critically analyze whether the reasoning and support offered in the article is believable and sufficient?
2.) Do you want your response to focus on the issue of emotional manipulation? In other words do you want to discuss areas in the article where the author seems to be exaggerating or using other tools inappropriately to gain your sympathy or compliance to his/her point of view?
3.) Do you want your response to focus on the credibility of the author? In other words do you want to consider whether the author seems appropriately knowledgeable and fairly considers other arguments or points of view?
You may be able to focus your entire response on just one of the above issues. Or you may decide to discuss two or three issues that seem related. (For instance in the sample strong response the student chose to discuss emotional manipulationnumber2 on this list lack of evidencenumber1 on this list and the authors lack of credibilitynumber3 on this list.)
Please keep in mind that while the strong response must be critical in some way this does not mean that it has to be negative. Despite the example above a critical response may discuss the ways in which the article is successful and convincing.
NOTE FOR THOSE WITH OLDER EDITIONS: If you have the 8th edition please use Working at McDonald’s on pages 283-286 in the 8th edition. If you have the 7th edition please use Nickel and Dimed on pages 270-273.